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L’intérêt pour la réalité virtuelle dans le domaine de la neuropsychologie n’est plus à démontrer si on en croit le nombre croissant de publications au fil de cette dernière décennie portant sur l’évaluation et la prise en charge des fonctions cognitives grâce à la réalité virtuelle. Si sa réputation n’est plus à faire, il n’en reste pas moins que la réalité virtuelle peine à trouver sa place dans la pratique clinique des neuropsychologues. Cet article a pour objectif de recenser les freins qui entravent l’essor d’une neuropsychologie 3.0 et son déploiement dans la pratique clinique.

The interest in virtual reality in the field of neuropsychology is well established, as evidenced by the increasing number of publications over the last decade on the assessment and management of cognitive functions through virtual reality. Although it is well known, virtual reality is still struggling to find its place in the clinical practice of neuropsychologists. The aim of this article is to identify the obstacles to its deployment in clinical practice. After presenting four tools available in the French-speaking world, we will present four areas that seem to pose problems for the deployment of virtual reality. We will try to understand the levers to enable professionals and companies to better equip themselves for the future. There are, of course, economic and technical limitations, as well as limitations with regard to current knowledge. We will also discuss the need for joint development and the difficulty of validation processes for these tools. Despite the negative picture, we are not so far from a large-scale implementation if each part improves the previously developed axes.