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A leading figure in the Arab national movement in Saida from the 1930s onward, Maarouf Saad (1910–1975) founded the Popular Nasserist Organization (PNO) in 1973, an Arab nationalist party with a socialist vocation. Over the decades, the PNO has evolved in line with regional and global political transformations, while also remaining faithful to the type of political socialization of its leaders and the Arabist frame of reference that formed its political identity. This article examines the diverse uses and plural meanings of Arabism over almost a century, through a study of the PNO, and in particular the trajectories of its leaders, the party’s resources, and its political culture, in relation to the various political contexts.