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The purpose of this study is to describe the perception of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) during the pandemic A(H1N1)2009 influenza among general practitioners. A survey was conducted between 15 July and 15 September 2010 among a random sample of metropolitan French GPs. Among the 161 respondents, only 6% reported that they "often" prescribed NAIs during the pandemic A(H1N1)2009 influenza, while 69% reported that they prescribed NAIs "from time to time". The main objectives of GPs were to limit the risk of complications and the duration of symptoms. The main predictor of prescription of neuraminidase inhibitors during the pandemic A(H1N1)2009 influenza was the prescription of NAIs during epidemic seasonal periods (OR = 3.23 [95% CI 1.3 to 8.8]). Barriers to the prescription of NAIs were an estimated lack of efficacy (64%) and a negative benefit/risk balance (52%). Among the GPs surveyed in this research, 62% reported that they had been vaccinated against influenza A(H1N1)2009, while 73% recommended vaccination. GPs who prescribed NAIs during the pandemic A(H1N1)2009 influenza were those who prescribed NAIs during a seasonal influenza epidemic. To improve the outpatient prescription of NAIs during pandemic outbreaks, more knowledge about NAIs is required during seasonal influenza.