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This article takes a chronological and critical approach to the relationship between the Left and the European Union. The European integration of left-wing movements has marked a shift in how various ideological currents identify themselves and develop as vectors for social struggle. It has led to their entrenchment within a system where regulatory governance has made politics excessively technocratic. Although the 2010 economic crisis pushed Europe’s radical left to take up a more combative stance, this new terrain of struggle has not succeeded in unifying the political platforms of left-wing parties in order to challenge the dominant ideas within the EU.