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The creation of Soins Médicaux et de Réadaptation conduites addictives (SMR-A) (Medical Care and Rehabilitation for Addictive Behaviors) treatment centers in 2022 is part of the long history of care and support facilities for people with substance use disorders. The 2008 reform, which led to the creation of Soins de Suite et de Réadaptation addictologique (SSR-A) (Subacute and Rehabilitation Care Facilities for Addiction), gave existing care units the right to specialize in the treatment of all substance use disorders. The 2022 reform reaffirms this objective and goes further by encouraging them to diversify their rehabilitation services, while refocusing on their core health mission. Certain SMR-As will be chosen to become expert centers for the treatment of addiction-related cognitive disorders. The creation of partial hospitalization programs, which was previously optional, will now be mandatory for all SMR-As. At the same time, the reform of SMR funding, which has led to the introduction of stay-based charges, will force some establishments to revise their operating model.