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The bioclimatic conditions in the forest-and-savannah-dominated country, Côte d'Ivoire, have been subjected to a strong decrease in rainfall since the seventies and correlatively the rainforest cover has been strongly affected. The climatic uncertainty and the decrease in the forest areas have led the farmers to adopt regulatory and conservation strategies. While the rural population does not have a solution to climatic variability, its unpredictability has given rise to new environmental perceptions which have led to a better management of land resources. Regardless of the region, such strategies aim to manage wet pits, formerly abandoned, especially lowlands, extension of new crops and adoption of new varieties less sensitive to the climatic risk... Beyond uncertainties in the disturbed political situation in the country, these developments represent trends contributing in definition of a new relationship of rural societies with their environment and territory.