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We should not reduce the real alternatives of most contemporary societies only to the categories of Confessional State and Secular (Lay) State. The question is not about which countries are secular and which are not, but to understand to what extent a country is secular. In this article we propose to test a methodological instrument that offers a series of “laícity” (secularity) indicators with the intention of identifying not only the levels of secularization of each State, but also the particular profile adopted by secularity/laicity in every country. This instrument pretends to analyze the “laïcity” or secularity in different political and cultural contexts. A comparison made between Argentina and Mexico, two countries of a similar cultural background, which have nevertheless taken different paths concerning relations between politics and religion.