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New technological solutions have helped digital platforms disrupt the competitive environment in the urban individual passenger transport sector. After summarizing the theoretical foundations and historical background of regulation within this sector, the article goes on to examine the key characteristics of this sector’s regulation in different countries prior to the arrival of these platforms, then the strategies deployed by the platforms to penetrate the market. It then sets out the range of these countries’ responses to sector regulation, from deregulation at one end of the scale to resistance mounted by regulation at the other. It ends by drawing conclusions that may be of interest to social partners.