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Our research starts with a Pascalian wager on the existence of a subject with dementia, which most works on dementia deny, or at least do not explicitly describe as such. The analysis of various works on speech disorders shows a lack of knowledge regarding the communication and relationship capabilities of these patients. Research downplays the pragmatic consequences of Austin’s discourse, and Benveniste’s and Bakhtin’s analyses of the subject of an enunciation; therefore, it excludes patients with dementia from the field of speech. We offer a new analysis of these patients which underlines their existence within the speech domain. Through a clinical journal mapping the various types of care for dementia patients, we propose an alternative. We will consider their productions, albeit limited, as veritable unconscious productions in Freud and Lacan’s terms. Developed around Ferenczi’s and Winnicott’s clinical perspectives, our work presents relationship techniques based on mothering-type care and empathy. An ethical path then appears, not opposed to the analytical frame of reference.