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This article focuses on the role of organizational memory in bringing about professional risks and industrial accidents. The modelling of the concept of organizational memory by Walsh and Ugson ( 1991) sets out the necessity for the employee to have a steady working context made up of beliefs and knowledge shared through his social links in order to create his own personality. And yet the demand for current economic competitiveness is an incentive for organisations to resort to flexibility in various forms resulting (among other things) in the increase in the lack of job security. They do not enable their members, affected by its environmental and structural changes, to integrate that organizational memory, which thus brings about an increase in professional risks and industrial accidents for that category of individuals.