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The recent evolution of museum institutions can be described in three steps. The first period, from the end of the Second World War to the 1990s, is characterized by a drive toward democratization. The second started in the 1980s in the context of the neo-liberalism. It is reaching full momentum nowadays and can be typified by the development of interactivity and the increasing role of temporary exhibitions. The third trend is marked by the affirmation of cultural identities and emerged in the 1990s. This multifaceted affirmation is hindering the construction of a common world that has been at the core of the symbolic role of museums since the Revolution.