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Mindfulness practices come from a range of traditional meditation techniques and have been used in medical care for the last thirty years. Today, mindfulness is known to the public and has received vast media coverage. This article aims to gather together a few ideas about the procedure of mindfulness as a complementary approach in health care and especially in the domain of oncology. The presentation emphasizes certain processes of this practice, such as attention. It describes the benefits and significance for the patient but only those that have been confirmed by meta-analysis studies and published in systematic reviews. The limits of the current research methodology in this field have also been considered, as well as how this can alter results. In addition to viewing the practice of mindfulness as a modality that tends to become a health care institution, we want to create a perspective on what can happen within the process of experiencing the practice, of walking along that path.