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This article explores the evolution of industrial policy in response to climate change, integrating technological innovation and new perspectives in economic law. It analyzes the role of states and companies in the ecological transition, emphasizing the importance of a systemic approach. The law is shifting toward a proactive and preventive approach, illustrated by corporate due diligence, particularly in climate matters. The Banque de France’s climate indicator exemplifies this transformation, aiming to measure companies’ environmental impact. Finally, the article advocates for a coherent European industrial policy that promotes green innovation while maintaining international competitiveness. JEL Codes: Q55, L52, O38, K32