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This article fits into the perspective of works focusing on multi-parental situations (blended families, adoptive families, foster families, etc.), works that indeed raise a host of questions. Parenthood is challenged, forced to re-organise. What role and place can these adults occupy with children with whom they are not actually biologically related. The article takes a special interest in the situations of foster families, considers where the family assistant, their spouse and social workers come in. New parental family situations require an opening out to other family and social references, towards sharing of the main lines of parenthood and beyond that the implementation of an approach for joint education with all the players moving in and around the children concerned.