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A tropical herbaceous plant from the Poaceae family, palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii var. motia) is primarily cultivated for its aromatic extract, which is particularly rich in geraniol (up to 80%). Native to the Indian subcontinent, it has been appreciated since the early 20th century for its rose-like fragrance, which facilitated its early integration into the cosmetics and perfumery industries—well before its biological properties and therapeutic applications were rigorously studied. With well-identified mechanisms of action conferring documented antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties, C. martinii is now drawing increasing interest in dermatology, sustainable agriculture, and biomedical research.