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The authors question the long-term effects of colonization and decolonization in Algeria, from the objective and subjective impacts on both the colonized and the populations who came to settle on the territories conquered to serve the colonizing purpose. The various colonial political statutes draw the subjective and social reality of “statelessness” peculiar to these exiles: “pieds-noirs” and Harkis at the end of the War of Independence, then Algerian migrants since.