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Few studies have focused on sport in rural areas, even though the notion of sociability has long been explored in rural history. The history of sport, a prolific field of research since the 1980s, has likewise paid little attention to rural spaces. At the intersection of these two historiographies, sport has long been regarded primarily as an urban phenomenon, which largely explains this historiographical blind spot. However, recent work has begun to challenge this urban-centered perspective by examining rural sociability from the nineteenth century onward. A network of associations began to emerge in villages at the turn of the twentieth century. Modern sport truly began to take off in the 1920s, and only grew in popularity after the Second World War. The aim of this collective article is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent research, but also highlight ongoing gaps in the literature. Nineteenth-century practices are still relatively poorly documented. Peasants’ sporting activities, for instance—especially those of women—seem to have been largely overlooked. Likewise, very little work has addressed sport and sociability in the post-1945 period, at a time when rural areas were experiencing major transformations.