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Using the curriculum vitae annexed to funeral sermons, published in mass in Lutheran Germany, and a particularly rich documentation on the functioning of the school system in the Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel in the seventeenth century, this contribution seeks to show the wide diffusion of private preceptorship, including in the "middle class" families, in various forms of which it establishes the typology. These practices are based first and foremost on the household as the center of religious and elementary family education, but they can lead to the formation of a real domestic school mobilizing several teaching resources. Even if some, particularly in the first half of the seventeenth century, criticize this mode in extension as dangerous for the public school, it appears that these services of preceptor or private lessons cohabit in most cases in complementarity with the public school form. The actors of this system, whether they are teachers or pupils of the higher classes, or students waiting for a post, also find benefits there. Thus, it can be assumed that these two systems of education were in fact interwoven, particularly in the seventeenth century, which is the peak of this mixed system.