74

In 2023, the European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia set out guidelines for managing toxoplasmosis in hematology patients, mainly after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Although toxoplasmosis is rare after transplantation, it carries a high mortality rate, especially in cases of cerebral involvement or disseminated form, and may occur in a very acute manner. These guidelines highlight the need for a pre-emptive strategy based on weekly quantitative polymerase chain reaction screening for toxoplasma in seropositive allogeneic transplant recipients, to quickly diagnose the first signs of reactivation and treat the infection before the onset of toxoplasmosis. The purpose of this article is not to summarize these guidelines but rather to discuss critical issues that were largely debated during the development of these guidelines and that support the group’s conclusions.