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This qualitative study on the health of protected children was carried out in five children’s homes. From vulnerable and often disadvantaged backgrounds, sheltered children suffer from poor physical and mental health, combined with a lack of medical care. Inequalities in access to care were highlighted in our study, with a medical history revealing situations of discriminatory refusal of care. As a result of past traumas, some carers give priority to problems linked to reactive attachment disorders to explain neurodevelopmental atypia, at the risk of delayed diagnosis.