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The parents/baby therapeutic consultation grants an essential role to the intersubjective element, which is influenced by empathy. The psychoanalyst’s empathy addresses the challenge of being open simultaneously to the adult’s, the baby’s, and the analyst’s own counter-transference in order to access the potential malleability of the complex relationships involved. This setting is conducive to the clinician’s expression of primary empathy that allows the analyst to observe epigenetic paths in the baby and their generational resonances in the parents. In this context, Serge Lebovici’s concepts of “metaphor-generating empathy” and “enaction empathy ” make up an invaluable legacy in the field of psychoanalysis for all ages. The epistemological opening that led to the development of these concepts allows us to examine the philosophical foundations of empathy and its extensions in psychological, neurobiological, and psychoanalytic theories of mind, favoring a complementarist clinical inspiration that avoids integrative impasses.