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‪At the heart of the National research strategy (SNR) launched in 2014 in France, speeches on exploration seem to be important symbolic resources for the science public policies legitimation. The aim of this article is to analyze the communication strategies of institutions in view of the ideological concerns surrounding the notion of exploration. First, by analyzing four communications produced at the launch of the SNR and the fourth “Programme d’investissements d’avenir”, this contribution intends to highlight what, in the public communication, can be related to a cognitive framework of exploration. Then, it will be about mapping the institutional actors according to their communicative positioning towards exploration, highlighting that they rely on an updated ideology of progress.‪