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Intercultural competence is here assessed in a number of contexts : organisations, professions, self-evaluation, apprenticeships, and research. As an abstract concept intercultural competence cannot be evaluated directly, but only by means of the ways it is shown in its consequences or in its presumed antecedents. Having considered different contexts and approaches to evaluation, this article présents and discusses two instrumental categories currently made use of : scales of measurement and factors that make for cultural assimilation. It concludes by putting into perspective the tools by which intercultural competence may be assessed, and gives details of their advantages and disadvantages according to the contexts in which they are used.