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On the genesis of the notion of dialect among Russian linguists: dialects and problems of organic forms The article deals with the genesis of the notion of 'dialect' in the history of Russian linguistics. It analyzes the particular interpretation of futurist 'transmental' poetry by the first Russian formalists (especially the young R. Jakobson). Interpreting futurist abstract poetry in terms of a particular language or dialect is based on Jakobson's evolutionary linguistics and influenced by the 'Neogrammarian' and 'Geographical new linguistics' debates of the beginning of the century. V. Khlebnikov's 'futurist dialect' is conceived as coming from the objective laws of the Russian language but also as an anticipation of its innermost laws. In Jakobson's opinion, this kind of 'dialect' constitutes a formative space which accentuates and revitalises inner objective tendencies. This is why the Neogrammarian heritage combined with 'New linguistics' forms a source to explore for the comparative history of Russian/Soviet formalism.