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This article attempts to answer the following research question: In what ways do communities of practice encourage product innovation within high-tech service SMEs? We define what a community of practice is, before determining its process of creation and development, as well as the dimensions of its impact within companies. A case study based on an exploratory qualitative survey sheds light on several dimensions. The most significant ones (according to the chi-squared tests associated with the verbatims) concern the mutual commitment of members of communities of practice in terms of building and sharing knowledge, structuring a joint intention, as well as the constitution of common resources and tools. These same dimensions, which correspond to the three hypothesis defined based on the literature, provide new perspectives on product innovation within SMEs.