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Science fiction is destined to play an increasing role in innovation in business and government. Research and development is interested in its ability to create utopian technologies, often anticipating with great acuity the inventions that will become successful in future economic cycles. Research on creativity has shown that imagination is an important factor in the discovery of new scientific theories. In addition, since the late 2000s, design fiction and science fiction prototyping have emerged as new innovative practices, organizing creativity sessions around the science fiction imaginary. These narratives, which are very widely disseminated in developed societies, have their origin in a collective technological unconscious. Technotypes are archetypes at the origin of utopian technologies. This approach is influenced by Jungian terminology and contributes to a study of the technical imaginary active in innovation processes. The concept of sectoral myths helps us to understand how science fiction structures innovation by proposing imaginary narratives, the most influential of which serve as models, collective references, and even beliefs for communities of researchers trying to make science fiction come true.JEL codes: 031, 032