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This study analyzes the collective actions of the residents of Villa el Salvador (on the outskirts of Lima, Peru) by stressing the destructuring of the social fabric that has altered the cohesion of this community since its foundation in 1973. Government policies, the clientelism of some heads of state, the actions of the Shining Path movement, and the transformation of the Peruvian political landscape have had an impact on the modes of mobilization of the residents of Villa El Salvador. However, a degree of community dynamism still exists, as shown by the new forms of collective action that are taking shape in this area (particularly participative budgeting).