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Childhood vesico-sphincter disorders: Clinical, urodynamic, and evolutionary profile

Par : Contributeur(s) : Type de matériel : TexteTexteLangue : français Détails de publication : 2023. Ressources en ligne : Abrégé : Background. Childhood vesico-sphincter disorders are the cause of functional and psychological disability. They are also responsible for serious uronephrologic complications akin to neuro-bladder complications. In this study, we looked for the clinical manifestations linked to these disorders as well as the paraclinical and urodynamic anomalies and their therapeutic management. Methods. We carried out a retrospective and descriptive study of patients with vesico-sphincter disorders who were being looked after in the pediatrics department of Charles Nicolle hospital in Tunis. Results. In total, 26 patients were included in our study. The median age at the first consultation in a pediatric nephrology department was 9 years (IQR 25 = 6 years; IQR 75 = 11 years). There was a predominance of girls: 19 boys and 43 girls. The filling and voiding phases were dominated by the combination of three or more symptoms. Bladder tenderness was reduced in 12% of cases. Nineteen percent of patients reported post micturition dribble in the post-voiding phase. The flow rate curve was polyphasic in 36% of cases and flat in 11% of cases. The median of the post-void residual was 62.2 ml (IQR 25 = 25 ml; IQR 75 = 102 ml). Cystometry showed reduced bladder sensation in 14% of cases, detrusor overactivity in 65% of cases, bladder hypocontractility in 8% of cases, bladder hypocompliance in 42% of cases, and small capacity in 88% of cases. Sphincter dyssynergia was noted in 34% of patients. Anticholinergics were the most frequently used treatment for disorders (53%). Kidney failure was noted in 45% of the patients, of which 11% had end-stage kidney failure. During follow-up, 16% of our patients required kidney replacement therapy. Conclusion Given the seriousness of vesico-sphincter disorders in children and the late discovery at the complication stage in the majority of cases, targeted primary prevention that involves the continuous training of primary care physicians must be carried out, in order to minimize the appearance of complications involving the functional and vital prognosis of these children.
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Background. Childhood vesico-sphincter disorders are the cause of functional and psychological disability. They are also responsible for serious uronephrologic complications akin to neuro-bladder complications. In this study, we looked for the clinical manifestations linked to these disorders as well as the paraclinical and urodynamic anomalies and their therapeutic management. Methods. We carried out a retrospective and descriptive study of patients with vesico-sphincter disorders who were being looked after in the pediatrics department of Charles Nicolle hospital in Tunis. Results. In total, 26 patients were included in our study. The median age at the first consultation in a pediatric nephrology department was 9 years (IQR 25 = 6 years; IQR 75 = 11 years). There was a predominance of girls: 19 boys and 43 girls. The filling and voiding phases were dominated by the combination of three or more symptoms. Bladder tenderness was reduced in 12% of cases. Nineteen percent of patients reported post micturition dribble in the post-voiding phase. The flow rate curve was polyphasic in 36% of cases and flat in 11% of cases. The median of the post-void residual was 62.2 ml (IQR 25 = 25 ml; IQR 75 = 102 ml). Cystometry showed reduced bladder sensation in 14% of cases, detrusor overactivity in 65% of cases, bladder hypocontractility in 8% of cases, bladder hypocompliance in 42% of cases, and small capacity in 88% of cases. Sphincter dyssynergia was noted in 34% of patients. Anticholinergics were the most frequently used treatment for disorders (53%). Kidney failure was noted in 45% of the patients, of which 11% had end-stage kidney failure. During follow-up, 16% of our patients required kidney replacement therapy. Conclusion Given the seriousness of vesico-sphincter disorders in children and the late discovery at the complication stage in the majority of cases, targeted primary prevention that involves the continuous training of primary care physicians must be carried out, in order to minimize the appearance of complications involving the functional and vital prognosis of these children.

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