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The creation of Section VI of the École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) contributed, alongside that of the Center of Sociological Studies, to the renewal of French sociology after the war. In this article, the author revisits the foundation of Section VI, the contribution of associated figures, and the insights that emerged from it. Then, following its evolution in detail, the author explores the debates that have animated the Section for more than thirty years and that continue to contribute to original sociological thought today.