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This article presents an analysis of the new pope, Francis, starting with a brief description of the Argentinian Catholicism that produced him and of his career as Jesuit provincial and archbishop of Buenos Aires. It then looks in detail at the conflict with two Jesuit priests, Franz Jalics and Orlando Yorio, during the civil-military-religious dictatorship (1976–1983). Other topics discussed include his past, the global crisis of Catholicism, the unexpected resignation of Benedict XVI, the place of the papacy and the Vatican state, the charisma of function, the media, global capitalism, temporality, and future prospects.