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Since the reform of the initial training of nurses in 2009, the curriculum includes teaching units in educational and preventive care. In this context, the aim is to train students to implement therapeutic patient education (TPE) actions. This study program responds to identity issues for nurses, who move from a concept of care centered on the cure to a vision based on the care principle (Gilligan 1982). The prevailing logic in the French health care system is that of the cure, which is the reason for the absence of educational care provided to the people being cared for. It seems relevant, at a time when nursing sciences are beginning to be recognized by French universities, to examine this object through the great theories that founded the nursing discipline. Thus, this article proposes to reaffirm education as the foundation of nursing care through an analysis of the theories developed by the six major schools of nursing thought.