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A close teacher-student relationship (TSR) promotes student engagement and positive emotional experiences among teachers. The present systematic review questions what the English-language literature reports on the effect of training dedicated to the development of teachers’ emotional competencies (ECs) on these competencies and on TSR quality. Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings suggest that brief EC training can sustainably develop teachers’ ECs. The small number of articles that have also evaluated TSR quality prevents us from making a conclusion about the effects of these training courses on this variable.