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The transformation of universities is the result of a mixture of external and internal factors, which requires a well-structured strategy to respond to economic challenges that require the university to be committed to contributing toward social and economic development. The objective of this work is to understand university transformation, driving factors, and strategic planning, by exploring the case of four Moroccan public universities. Of particular importance is how university transformation is influenced by entrepreneurship and is oriented toward social and economic development. Based on secondary data, mainly university development projects, we conducted software textual analysis to identify significant and interrelated elements, including which entrepreneurial initiatives the universities plan to implement and why they plan to implement them. The results show that the cases considered do factor entrepreneurship into their strategic plan, with the same objective but in different ways. In so doing, they seek to establish sets of actions and activities with the aim of contributing to social and economic development.