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In Freud’s work, there are a series of psycho-pathological assertions, in which reference to mineralogy remains unexplored. Establishing parallels between such constructions and the doctrine of the mineralogist Gustav Tschermak – Freud’s university professor – this paper outlines an unprecedented marker in the genealogy of psychoanalysis. The results of this examination invite us to revise, not only the stakes of the doctrine of personality’s structure by Bergeret and the Lacanian doctrine of clinical structure and its inheritance, but also the metapsychological angle of the Freudian notion of structure.