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In the social sciences and more specifically in management science, the notion of individual tacit knowledge has been developed over several decades (Polanyi 1958; Nonaka 1991). The notion of collective tacit knowledge (CTK) appeared more recently in particular thanks to Harry Collins’s work. Competitiveness clusters are a particular form of knowledge clusters. In France, since the mid-1990s, these clusters contain a management structure (legally an association of members) and sets of actors (companies and laboratories) working in a network and with the possibility of being financed by public actors (state, territorial, and local regions). The NP case is a research program fitting this framework. In this paper, our objective is to show the relevance of the concept of CTK to understanding the microprocesses of new knowledge generation within competitiveness clusters.