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The human rights theme which came back at the end of the seventies, was used by the West in the eighties, to help the communist fall. Although in progress, the universal value of these rights is still challenged especially by the southern countries. However, the fall of the Berlin wall has allowed to reunite civil and political rights with social and economic rights in a common approach. The notion of human rights spread in the nineties, incorporating new subjects such as environmental protection. Under the influence of new actors, it was also brought to groups or communities. The rising in power of human rights goes with a growth of judicial control which best guarantees their respect. However, in the lack of an institution or a global legal structure in charge of checking on it, the latter remains limited.