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This paper aims at analyzing the policy of the « rainbow» government (1999-2003) in regulating the collective labour relations in Belgium. It examines therefore, after a brief recalling of the system of labour relations, the main topics discussed between trade unions and employers’ organizations. In a second part, it presents an overview of the measures taken by Mrs.Onkelinx, Minister of Employment, on these matters, before mentioning the most important industrial disputes during the past years. As a conclusion, the article tries to evaluate the impact of the governmental intervention in the collective interprofessional agreements, analyses the views of the different actors and reminds the influence of the European Union on this collective bargaining system.