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After recontextualizing Maimonides’ legislative work (I), this article intends to clarify the Maimomidian position on blasphemy. Appearing as one of the most important commandments is the proscription of blasphemy (II), which consists in cursing God by his own name (III), is founded on the respect due to authority prescribed in Ex 22, 28 (IV) and aiming to avoid idolatry (V). Blasphemy is thus exceptionally grave, a sin without pardon.