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This article aims to show how the professionalization of NGOs is an approach imposed by funding agencies and the countries receiving aid. The model of professionalization is not however self-evident to expatriate workers, who don’t see NGOs as organizations that operate solely according to “managerial” criteria. We thus need to observe practices in the field to see how the process of professionalization is adapted and accommodated depending on the nature of the actors and the context they are acting in.