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The conference held on February 7, 2019, as part of the Tribunes de la santé series tackled the challenges of developing a positive ethical framework for artificial intelligence (AI). The Sciences Po Health Chair considered the rapid developments that are currently taking place across the globe in this area: the “human guarantee,” the principles of “trusted” AI, and technological aspects related to the issues of cognitive bias and reproducibility. The conference also gave participants the opportunity to come together on a practical case study in the form of a “stress test” that brought home the ethical challenges associated with the use of AI in health care.