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Prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) are used during vitamin K antagonist (VKA) overdoses or emergency surgery in patients taking VKAs or direct oral anticoagulants (DOAs), as per the recommendations of the French Working Group on Perioperative Hemostasis (GIHP, (Groupe d’intérêt sur l’hémostase péri-opératoire). Faced with an increase in consumption and in order to evaluate the proper use of these complexes, a retrospective study was conducted, looking back over a period of one year in our hospital. The files concerned were analyzed in order to determine the clinical context, the biological parameters at admission, and the compliance of the prescribed doses. The cohort included 79 patients, 54% of whom were on VKAs and 33% of whom had been admitted for brain hemorrhage. PCC dosage was considered compliant for 62% of patients. Non-compliances corresponded to PCC underdosing (85%) and two unnecessary antagonizations (7%). The underdosing had no clinical impact (absence of bleeding in the operative reports, clinical and biological effectiveness). Although the GIHP recommendations provide a framework for the use of PCCs, it is quite difficult for clinicians to assess life-threatening urgency and to propose a postponement of intervention. Finally, with an increasing obese population (17 patients with a weight ≥ 90 kg), new scientific data is needed so that PCCs or protocols for their use can be modified in order to ensure their effectiveness and patient safety.