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The article examines the forced sterilizations that took place in Peru during the government of Alberto Fujimori at the end of the 20th century. This tragic and traumatic phenomenon concerned nearly 70,000 women, almost all of them indigenous and poor. Sterilizations were carried out by the central Peruvian government under the guise of the fight against poverty. This article shows that sterilization was in fact a racist, classist and misogynist eugenic policy that targeted the wombs of the poorest and most vulnerable women. The hidden political goal was to better control the indigenous populations, which account for the country’s majority.