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The attitude of the Vichy Secret Service towards Jewish-Muslim relations in Algeria (1940-1943)This article is based on the enormous amount of documentation generated starting in 1935 by the notes and reports on the state of public opinion in Algeria issue by the Centres d’informations et d’études. My objective is to map out the nature of the evolution of Muslim-Jewish relations under the Vichy regime. I contend that, apart from several rare humanist community leaders, the majority of the Muslim population remained silent in the face of anti-Jewish legislation. Nonetheless, this legislation had only an opportunistic success : it was exploited when certain individuals found it advantageous to do so, in one way or the other. This kind of « utilitarian » behavior, however, was limited to legal claims, and did not spill over into violence.