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The author begins with a question: is it possible to justify rationally the ethico-normative criteria of practico-political action? His starting-point is the ethics of discourse of Apel and Habermas, his goal, a political philosophy of socialism. First, it is a matter of passing from the pragmatic norms of argumentation to the ethical obligation of finding an agreement with all those involved in the communicative act, with the necessary intervention of an impartiality principle. An ideal model of communication is then reached. Secondly, it is a matter of examining the relationship of this ideal with the actual communities. The ethics of discourse is changed into a political ethics which aims at creating the conditions of an implementation of the ethics of discourse within the actual social interacion.