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This article offers an analysis of the creation of a National Park in the Calanques. Our analysis looks into the heritage designation of nature and culture. We examine the discourse and arguments used in the process of heritage designation, a process which embodies multiple cosmogonies and is underpinned by more or less antagonistic social factors. To begin, analysis of the observed debate and collected discourse reveals processes of inclusion and exclusion which attempt to define the human and non-human groups involved in this socio-natural heritage in the making. Then we examine the potentially conflicting plurality of knowledge involved. Finally, we point up some pragmatic suggestions for conciliation between anthropocentrism and biocentrism.