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Based on the study of alternative agricultural collectives in the French Basque Country, the article examines the territorial conditions of the contemporary coexistence of different agricultural models. The territorialization of agricultural models in the Basque Country has moved from a stabilized binary cleavage to a pluralist system marked by a set of heterogeneous alternatives that are having difficulty to be territorialized while sharing a common collective and territorial approach. We analyze successively the socio-historical construction of these alternatives, the main characteristics of the groups that support them before rereading the transformations of collective action in the light of a changing territorial governance and the rising of a territorial agri-food system.