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"Far from using the scheme of an (incomplete) federal State, the fundamental legal structure of the European Union is of a cosmopolitical union as sketched by Kant in ""Perpetual Peace""-it accords three ""levels of relationship to public law"" ( ius civitatis, ius gentium, ius cosmopoliticum). However, the process of European integration brings about confusing distinctions: between citizenship and nationality, people and nation, authority and sovereignty, negative and positive sovereignty, international and transnational law, and State and Constitution. With regards to the (cosmo)political Europa, the Union must face internal difficulties of political responsibility, authority, and representativeness-i. e. about the political legitimacy of the European project itself whose purposes need to be reconsidered."