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Inequality in the face of the management of climatic risk (drought, flooding, cyclones, etc.) is one of the determining factors of the process of poverty. A link exists between meteorological inevitabilities and aggravation of living conditions of families in rural areas whose revenues depend essentially on farming. What the role can the microfinancing services be playing in the management of this kind of risk? This article examines a service for microinsurance against drought, a major innovation in terms of management of climatic risk. The Authors set out the limits of existing formal and informal strategies. Although this innovation in microfinance covers production-based investments, it does not compensate for loss of production.