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The image of illness continues to be a field of fundamental research in psychology. This field sheds light on health behaviors in the context of chronic or severe illnesses. Many studies have shown that the perception a patient has about his disease has a significant impact on his physical and psychological adaptation to it. Based on the most commonly used theoretical models (particularly in health psychology) to explain the constitution of representations, this paper addresses the following questions: (a) How are those close to the patient affected by his chronic or severe disease? (b) What is the impact of the similarities or divergences in the images of the illness of the patient and by those close to him? The existing literature and the clinical example of a couple confronted with breast cancer suggests that this perception must be addressed from the viewpoint of the patient and that of the patient’s close relatives. The analysis of interactions between these different concepts facilitates a productive therapeutic dialogue.