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To what extent does the judicial organisation, seen through the procedure followed prior to the trial and what remains of it, the judge's service and career path and finally changes in management, weigh on the prudential role of the civil and criminal judge? This is the question explored in this article. Without giving the past mythical status, it shows that the changes analysed and various forms of inertia specific to the institution hinder the judge's prudential role at the risk of turning the judge into a simple purveyor of decisions.